1. Kalash (Copper/Brass Pot)

Symbol of abundance and "source of life," often filled with water, mango leaves, and coconut.

2. Diya (Lamp)

Oil or ghee lamp symbolizing light and divine energy, used to dispel darkness.

3. Agarbatti (Incense Sticks)

Used for fragrance and purification, signifying the presence of divinity.

4. Dhoop (Scented Smoke)

Resin-based incense, burned to create a holy and serene atmosphere.

5. Kumkum (Red Vermilion)

Used for tilak and offerings; symbolizes auspiciousness and energy.

6. Haldi (Turmeric)

Represents purity, prosperity, and fertility.

7. Chandan (Sandalwood Paste)

Used for tilak and deity adornment; symbolizes purity and calmness.

8. Flowers

Fresh flowers are offered to deities as a symbol of devotion and beauty.

9. Fruits

Offered as Naivedyam (food offering) representing gratitude and sharing.

10. Coconut

A sacred offering that represents selfless service and purity.

11. Betel Leaves and Nuts

Used in worship as a mark of respect and ritual completeness.

12. Camphor (Kapoor)

Burned during aarti; signifies the destruction of ego and ignorance.

13. Rice (Akshata)

Unbroken rice grains mixed with turmeric, used in blessings and rituals.

14. Ghee

Clarified butter used in lamps and homas (fire rituals).

15. Panchamrit

A sacred mixture of milk, curd, honey, sugar, and ghee used for Abhishekam (ritual bathing of deities).

16. Sacred Thread (Moli/Kalava)

Tied on the wrist for protection and as a vow during rituals.

17. Bell (Ghanti)

Rung to invite divine presence and remove negative energies.